0.What is shell and terminal?
In unix terminology,
- terminal = an interface in which you can type and execute text-based commands. For example,
Windows Terminal, iTerm2
- shell = command line interpreter. For example,
bash, zsh and fish.
1.Move cusor
| Shortcut |
Function |
| CTRL + A |
Move to the beginning of the line |
| CTRL + E |
Move to the end of the line |
| ALT + B |
Move one word backward = CTRL + ← |
| ALT + F |
Move one word forward = CTRL + → |
| CTRL + B |
Move one character backward |
| CTRL + F |
Move one character forward |
2.Delete/cut
| Shortcut |
Function |
| CTRL + U |
Cut/delete the entire line |
| CTRL + K |
Cut/delete the characters on the line after the current cursor position |
| CTRL + W |
Cut/delete the word in front of the cursor |
| CTRL + H |
Delete the character in the front of the cursor = Backspace |
| ALT + D |
Cut/delete the word after the cursor = Delete |
| CTRL + D |
Delete the character on the cursor position |
3.Paste
| Shortcut |
Function |
| CTRL + Y |
Paste |
4.Edit
| Shortcut |
Function |
| ALT + T |
Exchange two words in front of the cursor |
| CTRL + T |
Exchange two characters in front of the cursor |
| ALT + U |
Transform the characters in the word after the cursor to capital letter |
| ALT + I |
Transform the characters in the word after the cursor to lower case |
| CTRL + _ |
Undo the last change |
5.Kill, Exit, Suspend
| Shortcut |
Function |
| CTRL + C |
Kill current process |
| CTRL + D |
Exit shell |
| CTRL + Z |
Suspend/stop current foreground process |
| fg |
Restore the process suspended. fg %jobsnumber: restore the process through jobsnumber |
| bg |
Continue process in background bg %jobsnumber: hide the process to backgrund through jobsnumber |
| jobs |
Show the processes running in background |
6.Screen output
| Shortcut |
Function |
| Ctrl + L |
Clear screen |
| Ctrl + S |
Stop output to screen |
| Ctrl + Q |
Re-enable screen output |
| & |
Add at the command’s end, execute command in background |
7.Command history
| Shortcut |
Function |
| !! |
Execute last command in history |
| !abc |
Execute last command in history beginning with abc |
| !abc:p |
Print last command in history beginning with abc |
| Ctrl + P |
Execute previous command in history |
| Ctrl + N |
Execute next command in history |
| Ctrl + R |
Search history |
| CTRL + G |
Escape from search mode |
| Shortcut |
Function |
| ctrl + shift + ↑ |
scroll up |
| ctrl + shift + ↓ |
scroll down |
| ctrl + shift + pgup |
scroll up a whole page |
| ctrl + shift + pgdn |
scroll down a whole page |
